PLoS One. 2017 Jan 31;12(1):e0170735. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170735. eCollection 2017.

In vivo differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into neural stem cells by chimera formation.

Choi HW^1,2, Hong YJ¹, Kim JS¹, Song H¹, Cho SG¹, Bae H³, Kim C⁴, Byun SJ⁵, Do JT¹.

Abstract

Like embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into all three germ layers in an in vitro system. Here, we developed a new technology for obtaining neural stem cells (NSCs) from iPSCs through chimera formation, in an in vivo environment. iPSCs contributed to the neural lineage in the chimera, which could be efficiently purified and directly cultured as NSCs in vitro. The iPSC-derived, in vivo-differentiated NSCs expressed NSC markers, and their gene-expression pattern more closely resembled that of fetal brain-derived NSCs than in vitro-differentiated NSCs. This system could be applied for differentiating pluripotent stem cells into specialized cell types whose differentiation protocols are not well established.