Metab Brain Dis. 2017 Feb 25. doi: 10.1007/s11011-017-9968-5. [Epub ahead of print]

Brain abnormalities in fucosidosis: transplantation or supportive therapy?

Jiang M¹, Liu S², Jiang H², Lin Y¹, Shao Y¹, Hu H¹, Zhao X¹, Liu H³, Huang Y⁴, Liu L⁵.

Abstract

Fucosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by α-fucosidase deficiency, which leads to progressive neurological deterioration and death. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the best curative therapy if performed during the early stages of disease. We report two fucosidosis patients with brain abnormalities and the challenge faced in their management. The first patient received supportive therapy and the second one firstly underwent unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation. After a period of follow-up, we found neurological symptoms were worsening day by day on patient1. By contrast, patient2 who received cord blood transplantation acquired clinical neurologic improvement in response to normalization of deficient enzymatic activity. This report indicates that hematopoietic transplant could reduce the severity and retard the progression of clinical neurological deterioration. Umbilical cord blood transplantation is a novel approach for treating fucosidosis patients who lack suitable bone morrow donors.