Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2019 Dec 18. doi: 10.1007/s12010-019-03216-6. [Epub ahead of print]

Assessment of Post-thaw Quality of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells After Long-Term Cryopreservation by Uncontrolled Freezing.

Raik S¹, Kumar A^1,2, Rattan V³, Seth S⁴, Kaur A⁴, Bhatta Charyya S⁵.

Abstract

Cryopreservation abilities of dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (DMSCs) including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and dental follicle stem cells (DFSC) play an important role in the applications of these cells in clinical settings. In this context, we checked whether storage at - 80 °C in 10% DMSO for a longer period has any adverse effect on the functionality and genetic stability. We carried our studies on DPSC and DFSC samples that were revived after a maximum of 5 years of cryopreservation. We observed that even after long-term uncontrolled freezing at - 80 °C, these cells survived and proliferated efficiently. The assessment was made based on their post-thaw morphology, immunophenotypes, differentiation potential, growth kinetics, and genetic features. These cells retained the expression of stemness markers, differentiation ability and maintained their normal karyotype. Our results indicated no significant morphological or immunophenotypic differences between the cryopreserved DMSCs and the fresh DMSCs. Our study implies that mesenchymal stromal cells derived from the dental tissue origin are very robust and do not require any sophisticated preservation protocols. Thus, these can be an ideal source for research, stem cell banking, as well as successful clinical applications in tissue engineering and cell-based therapeutics. Graphical Abstract Schematic diagram showing the cryopreservation of DMSCs by uncontrolled freezing at -80 c has no adverse effects on their functionality and genetic stability.